Introduction To Social Media Analysis Marketing Essay Example

Prologue To Social Media Analysis Marketing Essay Example Prologue To Social Media Analysis Marketing Essay Prologue To Social Media Analysis Marketing Essay picture confab, and individual informing inside generally useful cultural systems administration destinations give personal conveying channels similar to calls and up close and personal office gatherings. Online networking can help people make out to direct measured gatherings of companions or familiarities via airing an individual message ( for example , a tweet sent to a client s followings on Twitter ; a station sent to a departmental email list ) or leting others to get a comment ( a station to individual s Facebook divider ) . They can other than let people to make large gatherings through mainstream web log stations, digital recordings, pictures posted on locales like YouTube, or updates on Twitter by organizations or well known people with army followings. Motivation behind the Research A huge number of individuals are increasing monstrous whole of cash through Social Media, This exploration will help to comprehend that when one individual goes into cultural media, what is his direction and where does he travel? This Research will other than help to comprehend that by what method can an individual procure from an impossible to miss cultural web site. Exploration Questions To comprehend the type of peruse of people using cultural media web. To investigate the awareness among the individuals of increasing through cultural media. How a man can increase through Social Media in Pakistan? How this structure can be utilized to determine maximal finished result in on-line notice. DELIVERABLE III Mechanism of Research Interpersonal organization Theory Social web investigation is the use of the more extensive field of web logical order to the study of human connections and associations. Social networks are native ; they have a history that long originates before frameworks like Facebook and Friendster, and even the principal email message. Since the time anybody traded help with any other individual, cultural networks have existed, regardless of whether they were to a great extent unseeable. Social networks are made from any total of associations among a gathering of individuals and things. Social web investigation causes you investigate and imagine structures found inside accumulations of coupled elements that incorporate individuals. From the situation of cultural web investigation, the treelike organization diagram that typically speaks to the hierarchal development of an association or attempt is exorbitantly straightforward and absences of import data about the cross associations that exist between and across areas and divisions. Interestingly with the streamlined tree development of an organization graph, a cultural web position of an association or populace prompts the inventive action of visual pictures that take after maps of fundamental street frameworks, air hose ways, or rail networks System examiners consider the to be as a total of interrelated pieces. Those breaking down cultural networks consider connections to be the building squares of the cultural universe, each arrangement of connections joining to make rising types of associations among individuals, gatherings, and things. The point of convergence of cultural web investigation is between, non inside individuals. Though conventional cultural logical control research strategies, for example, considers center around people and their properties ( for example , sexual orientation, age, salary ) , web researchers center around the associations that quandary people together, non completely on their inner characteristics or capacities. This change in point of convergence from property informations to social informations drastically influences how informations are gathered, spoken to, and broke down. Social web examination supplements techniques that attention all the more barely on people, including a basic measu rement that catches the connective tissue of social orders and other complex mutualities. When a lot of cultural media networks has been built and cultural web measurings have been determined, the following informations set can be utilized for some applications. For representation, web informations sets can be utilized to make learns about network wellbeing, comparings of subgroups, and assignment of import people, each piece great as in applications that position, kind, examination, and chase for substance and specialists. The estimation of a cultural web assault is the capacity to ask and answer requests that are non accessible to different techniques. This implies focusing on connections. In spite of the fact that examiners, venders, and chiefs every now and again track cultural media commitment insights, they only from time to time think about connections. Customary commitment measurements can flexibly of import entrances about the skirmish of a network, yet can state little about the associations between network individuals. System investigation can help elucidate of import cultural wonders, for example, bunch arrangement, bunch intelligibility, cultural capacities, individual impact, and by and large network health. Importance of Research Online networking selling is the system of propelling your website or worry through cultural media channels and it is an incredible plan that will procure you connections, joining in and solid aggregates of traffic. There is no other low-evaluated special strategy out at that place that will simple give you huge Numberss of visitants, some of whom may return to your site again and again. On the off chance that you are selling items/administrations or simply distribution content for promotion gross, cultural media selling is an amazing strategy that will do your site productive over clasp. ( Maki, 2007 ) Limitations Following are the issues which could be looked during the examination: Absence of cognizance of utilizing cultural media among individuals in Pakistan. No foremost examination accessible. DELIVERABLE IV Writing REVIEW Online life Selling Online life selling is the way of propelling your anxiety or locales through various cultural media channels and it is a viable program that will surge traffic to your destinations, get more connections and hang on the going to of individuals. It is one of the minimal effort site or product advancement strategy. It gets a handle on more figure of visitants, some of whom may over and over observe the site. In the event that you are in a worry which manages selling stocks or administrations, so cultural media selling is one of the useful ways that will do your site beneficial over a time of clasp. The individuals who do non cognize the value of cultural media destinations harvest time into three diverse classs ( 1 ) the 1 who do non anything about cultural media selling ( 2 ) one who are intrigued and do non cognize to use the cultural media ( 3 ) the 1 who do non hold affirmation in the value that a cultural media selling can pass on in. Why Social Media? Presents Blogs are even positioned higher than the inert sites due to their pertinent substance and their new thoughts which fulfill the chases guidelines to come on top spots. The more connections you have the better your site will be positioned by chase motors. At the point when your site gets increasingly common enduring connections, it constructs more validity of your webpage and builds internet searcher trust on your site. This assists with obtaining positioned even with competitory catchphrases. cultural media is a crucial device for propelling your site and it s really a commendable technique to gain into VIP. ( 1 ) Social media selling causes you to get increasingly normal connects to your webpage and your site is uncovered in forepart of more individuals which encourages yo to drive more traffic on your site. ( 2 ) It s a solid technique, in the event that you use it modestly and effectively, cultural networks help you to drive traffic more than the old total traffic you got from the chase motor. ( 3 ) Social media selling is a network based selling technique, and this does nt hurt a few different strategies that direct people to the sites all the time Internet based life offering assists with getting praised all around the Earth. Online life destinations remembers for line networks, cultural networks, web logs, wikis and another sort of media for selling, net incomes and customer support.. The various sorts of cultural media selling devices incorporate facebook, orkut, hi5, chirrup, Linkedin, web logs, YouTube and Flickr. The cultural media showcasing Acts of the Apostless as a cheapeest strategy for commercial. It is seen that cultural media promoting Acts of the Apostless as one of the taking concern region to use. These days concern designing buyers partake all the more socially to propel their anxiety. Building an appealing site may take more total of clasp and endeavors. Geting positioned in chase motor can take mature ages, so as to develop a competitory spot. Internet based life selling causes you to obtain colossal aggregate of traffic in an individual twenty-four hours. When you become perceptive of cultural media devices the it would be simple for you to get crowd and to satisfy their requests. The quickly developing of Social Media Marketing shows the great beyond of the internet in cultural media selling. The significant members in the cultural media market may upset themselves in class off clasp and online concern people groups other than need to adjust their propensities orchestrating to it. With cultural media advertising you can simple compete with the contrary numbers and accomplish the terminal in concern. The Value of Marketing through Social News Web locales For the individuals who do nt comprehend or see the estimation of cultural media sites, permit s take an articulation at the advantages of making viral substance and viably propelling them through cultural media channels. Creating nexus come-ons and effectively getting it well known on arranged cultural media sites like Digg and StumbleUpon will take to different advantages fo

Occupational Therapy Essays - Computer Keyboards, Keyboard Layout

Word related Therapy Essays - Computer Keyboards, Keyboard Layout Word related Therapy We are a gathering of word related advisors and another customer has gone to our office with the accompanying case history: Wear is a multi year-old beginner artist. He has a few of his sonnets distributed in the neighborhood paper however has not yet been acknowledged by any scholarly diaries. A quarter of a year back, Don had a cerebellar cerebrovascular mishap that has given him noteworthy fine engine control confinements. He can't hold a pencil or a pen, and when one is taped in his grasp, he can not create conspicuous printing. He can arrive at a scope of almost 5 feet from side to side however can't get a 1-inch 3D square from the table. When requested to utilize a console, he is as prone to strike two keys from the objective as the key he is focusing on. He can put his finger dependably into a square that is 2 creeps on a side any place it is situated inside his compass. He can't precisely put his finger into a square that is 1.5 crawls on a side, in any case, except if it is found straightforwardly before him (Anson, 1997, p. 104). Wear is disappointed by his condition and needs some help to proceed with his composition. We utilized the choice tree to assess which PC adjustment would be best for Don. We verified that Don has physical restrictions to the PC yet has full scope of the console. Because of his difficulty focusing on explicit keys, it would be progressively hard to all the while press more than one key on the double. The customer has visit incidental keystrokes in light of the size of the little keys. His powerlessness to strike a solitary key on request drove us to extended scope of movement. Having evaluated that Don could strike bigger keys precisely; we arrived at the option of extended consoles. After inquiring about extended consoles, we found an extraordinary assortment in what every console advertised. The 32 key design with 2.5-inch keys didn't give a sufficient choice to Dons composing needs. The vast majority of the standard extended consoles with 128 keys just have 1.5-inch keys. A few models are Key Largo and Unicorn Expanded consoles. Key Largo is an extended console, which works through Discover KENX. It is valuable for one with coordination issues. Unicorn Expanded console set up the standard 128 key extended console structure. We had the chance (in A.T. lab) to attempt to look at the changed extended consoles. We valued that a customer with trouble arriving at little keys would discover these consoles progressively helpful. All consoles require an encoder, which deciphers the key. At the point when squeezed it changes over it to a console code, that the PC could comprehend. A few PCs accompany an inherent encoder and some without. These consoles with encoders can be associated straightforwardly to the console port of the PC. Along these lines no inward adjustment is required for the PC and it doesnt meddle with any product in the PC. This is useful in light of the fact that it very well may be utilized with any working framework and programming the customer may require. A burden to this is the console codes are not promptly versatile. This implies the console format is fixed and cant be changed by the clinician. Another thought is that this console can not be associated all the while with the standard console. Since stopping and unplugging the console isn't suggested, this alternative is more qualified for a customer who might be the sole client of the PC. Extended consoles that don't have the worked in encoder, require an outer gadget that would decipher the codes to the PC. In spite of the fact that this console has the drawback of an outer gadget, it offers adaptability in the console design and takes into consideration different overlays that change the format. A case of the last is the Key Largo console referenced previously. The issue with 1.5-inch keys is the customers powerlessness to precisely arrive at a key of that size except if the console is situated directly before him. A choice is position the customer before the PC with the console mounted close enough for him to get to. In spite of the fact that this option was a chance we liked to discover

A Prescriptive Agenda for School Restructuring Essay

A Prescriptive Agenda for School Restructuring - Essay Example In their examination School Restructuring as a Policy Agenda, Mussoline and Shouse (2001) features this relationship - between school rebuilding and their subsequent impact - by asking, [t]o what degree should one expect the specialized changes connected to rebuilding to create reliable accomplishment impacts over a wide range of schools (p. 45). Taking a comparable position, this article will contend that school rebuilding won't be fruitful, particularly in less princely schools with low financial status, if rebuilding rehearses are diminished to a rundown of prescriptive approach motivation forced upon schools because of the impact logical elements have on the achievement and possible result of rebuilding. Investigating the writing of school change, there has been various practice distinguished by various ways of thinking plotting ways for rebuilding schools. From such writing, it is obvious that each rebuilding practice have its own arrangement of necessities for fruitful usage. Then again, each school likewise has its own arrangement of hierarchical and instructional qualities that decide its capacity to execute changes inside the general school structure which influence the adequacy of school rebuilding (p. 47). ... what's more, Murphy's investigation entitled The Social challenge of Effective Schools, Mussoline and Shouse recognizes head educator relations, dynamic, and parental association as variables that recognizes a school's authoritative and instructional capacities (Mussoline and Shouse, 2001, 47). These variables additionally separate schools among high and low financial statuses (SES). As indicated by Shouse, given the qualification between schools with low and high SES, there are particular sorts of rebuilding rehearses that didn't yield the equivalent useful outcomes when actualized in low SES schools whenever contrasted with schools with high SES (p. 48). Logical factors hence take part in changing the impacts of rebuilding rehearses among schools with low SES. Subsequently, it is just consistent to reason that endorsing a solitary approach plan for school rebuilding may not be useful for the educational system, when all is said in done, and for low SES schools, specifically, if not all schools can emphatically profit by the recommended rebuilding rehearses. Relevant components effectsly affect school rebuilding in two different ways: first, given the absence of social assets among low SES schools, these schools don't have the fundamental security nets present among high SES schools that diminishes the dangers of defective, clumsy, or profoundly complex instructional practices (p. 49). As Mussoline and Shouse contends, schools with high SES have increasingly responsive understudies that expands the beneficial outcomes from rebuilt rehearses, particularly those that endorse constructivist and understudy focused changes. Furthermore, the scholastically arranged help structures present in these networks additionally fortifies the rebuilding works on being actualized. Together, understudy

The Value of Life and The Human Experience - Free Essay Example

At the point when our activities and words are lined up with our qualities, life is commonly great and we feel content, certain and fulfilled. In any case, when our practices do not coordinate with our qualities, we before long start to detect an uneasiness that starts to swell and develop within us. We live in this existence where guidelines are made, where we need to get together to them so as to be acknowledged. There are various qualities to life. Therefore, the manner in which individuals ought to dole out esteem and reason to life must be inestimable in light of the fact that everything relies upon the individuals viewpoint of life and as well as their achievements/job in the general public and not off financial things. Life is mind-boggling and loaded with contending weights that require trade offs. We each hold an exceptional arrangement of Individual qualities, making us our identity. In William Shakespearers play Hamlet, Hamlet questioned the value of life in the famous To be or not to be soliloquy and he says, Whether ?tis nobler in the mind to suffer, The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them. He considers life to be trivial and brings up all the negative parts of life. Which means to let everything go and leave, or to remain and battle whatever hindrances tossed at you. One of the greatest purposes of life is not to surrender, regardless of the impediment tossed in an individuals manner. Hamlet is blinded by his feeling existing apart from everything else and is not seeing the master plan of life. Submitting to suicide is one approach to end torment, yet there is additionally just a single possibility at life. It is a las ting answer for a brief issue. While we realize that Hamlet has an extremely negative viewpoint on life, there is somebody who has the correct inverse to give us trust. Additionally, in an article, Roger Ebert: The Essential Man, by Chris Jones, Roger is a motion picture critic who lost his jaw to a terrible fight with cancer which stripped him of his capacity to eat, drink, and talk yet despite everything he stay positive throughout everyday life, he says, I believe that if, at the end of it all, according to our abilities, we have done something to make others a little happier, and something to make ourselves a little happier, that is about the best we can do. To make others less happy is a crime. To make ourselves unhappy is where all crime starts. We must try to contribute joy to the world. That is true no matter what our problems, our health, our circumstances. We must try. I didnt always know this, and am happy I lived long enough to find it out. Roger Ebert was certainly a hopeful person and it tends to be demonstrated with his own words. He abstained from discussing the inconveniences that life brought and concentrated on the more brillian t side of life. Indeed, even as he loses his capacity to talk he asserts never yet a fantasy where I cant talk which demonstrates the audience that despite the fact that he has lost his capacity to talk he never lost his point of view of life and happy to be alive. Moreover, we can offer significance to our life through our very own capacity to characterize what is imperative to us. An individual as of now has the ability to make importance and reason in ones life, not such a great amount in what ones do, but rather in what it intends to an individual and the significance an individual attached to it. The minimalists Ryan Nicodemus and Joshua Millburn created a video documentary called Minimalism: A Documentary about the Important Things, utilizes numerous individuals accounts to express that the American ideal that materialistic things bring satisfaction is false though living all the more intentionally with less, improves the way of living life. The present issue today is by all accounts the importance we allocate into our stuff, we will, in general, give excessively significance to our things and frequently neglecting our wellbeing, connections, interests, self-improvement, and our longing to contribute past ourselves. Minimalists scan for satisfaction not through things, but rather through life itself; along these lines, it is up to an individual to figure out what is important and what is unnecessary in ones life. Furthermore, following these minimalist ideas, a youthful explorer named Christopher McCandless-the fundamental character in Jon Krakauers true story novel, Into the Wild, which is to a great extent appeared by this portrayal, Chris was very much of the school that you should own nothing except what you can carry on your back at a dead run(Krakauer 32). A minimalist lifestyle is a grave method for living by disposing of everything aside from the central needs. McCandless pursues this to heart for he does not acknowledge any sort of extravagance or materialistic chance. Instead of taking the objects he denies for granted, denying those items makes them quite a lot more wonderful and valuable. Maybe it places satisfaction in context and highlights the way that material belonging cannot make life pleasant. Perhaps the preventing from securing certain things makes having them occasionally a lot more charming. Ultimately, in reality, society does not need to relegate a specific incentive to a humans life on the grounds that our impulses and those things we esteem as of now dole out an incentive to us. The value of life ought not to be resolved off of fiscal things but rather off their achievements. In an article, WTC Victims: Whatrs a Life Worth? By Amanda Ripley, speaks about putting a price tag on a human life when a tragic accident happens on a loved one, the government will estimate how much a victim would have earned over his or her lifetime The charts, while functional, are brutal, crystallizing how readily the legal commodifies life. The facts confirm that life is a valuable product much like a precious stone. Be that as it may, in contrast to a jewel, life has no set fiscal esteem. In any case, the government is endeavoring to change that. Setting fiscal incentive on a persons life is estimated not by the manner in which an individual has lived, but instead the persons pay; in an y event that is the means by which society sees life. Each individual values life from an alternate point of view. And keeping in mind that each human will discover an incentive throughout everyday life, those qualities will not be equivalent to every other person. Moreover, the families need to sue the legislature and battle for being informed that their friends and family are just worth a specific measure of however it is highly unlikely. In the same article, Amanda Ripley says, The concept of assigning a price tag to a life has always made people intensely squeamish. After all, isnt it degrading to presume that money can make a family whole again? And what of disparities? Is a poor manrs life worth less than a rich manrs? Life is excessively valuable of an item to put into terms of cash. Life really resembles the most valuable and important pearls. They are comparable in rareness and excellence, however, are distinctive in the way that pearls have a set cash esteem, yet life is significantly more dynamite than any diamond on Earth. T hat is the reason life does not have a financial esteem and never should. Overall, I believe that the value and purpose to life is whatever an individual decides it is through his or her attitude and point of view of life itself. We pick how we will experience our lives or how we esteem it. There is no materialistic esteem, for example, cash, just inspiration, and positive thinking. An individual will choose whether one needs to be a Roger Ebert or a Hamlet. Life is not about how much cash one make or what an individual possesses. To me, life is tied in with making recollections and how an individual handles the battles that are given. Because one thing turns sour, it does not really imply that an individuals life is horrendous. It is another obstruction, driving where an individual properly has a place. Value is something which every individual doles out to their life relying upon how much importance it needs to them self as well as other people. A life is certainly not an independent protest; it is a system which is imparted to other people. All individu als have esteem to themselves as well as to others also.

General Information And The History Of Beer - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1886 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category History Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Beer is the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drink in whole world and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. Beer is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mostly produced from cereal grains and usually malted barley, and also wheat, corn wheat and rice may be used as well. Almost all beers are flavored with hops. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "General Information And The History Of Beer" essay for you Create order Hops are also used to add bitterness to the beer and be as a natural preservative. Although there are deferent beers with flavored with herbs or fruit smell. Beer has appeared between 9,000 and 14,000 years ago, being as old as the civilization. Beer is one of the oldest products of civilization, and may even have been a stepping-stone to the invention of leavened bread. The grain, from which beer is made, was the first domesticated crop that started the process of farming during the nomadic times. By that time the beer was cloudy and not filtered, and people were using ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾drinking straws when drinking beer, in order to avoid brewing residue in the mouth (Wikipedia, 2011). In ancient times beer was mostly used as barter, instead of being sold and a Babylonian King had even introduced a daily norm of beer per day. A normal worker received 2 liters, civil servants 3 liters, administrators and high priests 5 liters of beer per day. The Egyptians also h ave taken part in the history of beer brewing. They have been experimenting with unbaked bread dough and were improving the taste of beer. Beer is an especially important drink in countries such as Belgium, Germany, Ireland , and the UK, with nations such as France, the Scandinavian countries, the Czech Republic, and others having strong and unique brewing traditions with their own history, characteristic brewing methods, and styles of beer producing. RELATION BETWEEN GERMANY AND BREWING The most widely known event in the history of brewing is the establishment of standards for brewers by the Germans. They decided that to the production of beer, only four ingredients should be used: water, malted barley, malted wheat and hops. It is emphasize that beer was for the first time brewed on German soil. Germans brewed beer not just for God sacrifices, but also for their own enjoyment. Germans started to open even brewery family businesses. Beer is in Germany a major part of their national culture. Germany has more breweries than in any other country. There are almost 1,300 businesses producing beer. Figure 1 German Beer Statistics % Age of European Production: 26.5% Total beer consumption: 107,800,000 hectoliter Consumption per head: 131.7 l Number of breweries: 1294 Beer exports: 8,539,000 hectoliter Beer imports: 2,168,000 hectoliter Draught beer percentage: 22% Notes: The only countries with which Germany has a trade deficit in beer are Belgium, the Czech Republic and Mexico. MARKET STRUCTURE On the one hand, Germans are beer drinking nation. Their consumption per/capita is almost 60% higher than the western European average consumption and the beer market from Germany is still the largest in the world. Even if there are 1,300 breweries in Germany, therefore Germanys beer market is highly competitive. Their output is only around a third of the whole beer production in EU. On the other hand German consumers started to move away from the alcoholic drinks, the desire of a healthier way of leaving is rising, and German is tend to consume more mineral water, juice and coffee. The result of this is 7% drop in the beer consumption in Germany since 1998. Even though Bavarian-style beer continued to grow, and beer-based mixed continue to have high demand. Young generations of consumers are trying to discover new and different types of drinks, such as beer mixed with lemon-lime soda or cola etc. Imported beer is account only 5, 9% of the total beer consumption in Germany . This is due to the fact that domestic breweries created a strong preference among the consumers. The import share remains more or less constant in spite of several major international breweries that previously sold their products through exports now producing under license in Germany. Pils is the dominant segment in Germany with a market share of some 60% in total. In addition, there are a number of special German beer types such as Weizen, Alt and Kà ¶lsch. EVALUATION OF MAJOR BREWERY COMPANIES IN GERMANY BECKS BREWERY is a brewing company in the north part of Germany, in city of Bremen, since 1873. Becks was first owned by a local family, and later it was sold to InterBrew. Becks beer is famous of it quality and world-wide known brand, drunk by millions of consumers every year and is ranking number 5 among the most selling beers in Germany. By exported volume, Becks is on the first place among German Beers, and it is sold in more than 100 countries in the world. The largest markets for Becks outside Germany are the United Kingdom, the USA, the Ukraine, Australia, Italy, Romania, and Russia (Brauerei Beck Co, 2011). Products of Becks Brewery Becks the main brand, a pilsner Becks Blue (Alcohol Free) Becks Premier Light Becks Gold Becks Green Lemon Becks Green Lemon Alcohol Free Becks Chilled Orange Becks Level 7 Becks Ice Becks NEXT Becks Dark Becks Oktoberfest Becks VIER Becks Brewery is an attraction of the city, because the company organizes tours in the inside the brewery and gives sample of finished products and afterwards visitors can enjoy food at the Becks cafà ©, or browsing for beer-related souvenirs. Besides the organizing tours, the company also uses other ways to advertise its products. The sponsor various sport events, festivals and have more advertisements on TV and magazines. OETTINGER BREWERY is the best selling beer brand in Germany since 2004 with an output of almost 6.61 million hectoliters sold annually. Moreover a big factor that contributes to this big amount of sales is the low-price strategy. Oettinger appeared in the market, by using a gap from it industry. The brewery started to sell cheap beer in big volumes, so that people would afford it and would have a beer they just wanted for the lowest price and relatively good quality. In order to avoid competition, Oettinger bought the beer brand 5.0 Original and the corresponding brewery in Braunschweig. Braunschweig was his competitor, a brewery from the same segment of market (The Oettinger Group, 2011). Oettinger uses different ways to maintain the beer price as low as possible: No advertisement and promo campaigns. Concentrating only one the one brand, compared to other breweries which have twenty and same times even more brands. Direct delivery from brewery to stores, no intermediaries. The brewing process is highly automated only few employees are needed for production. PORTER 5 FORCES ANALYSIS Force 1: Supplier power Suppliers have small bargaining power in the brewing business, which works in technique brewers goodwill. There are a lot manufacturers and suppliers who provide brewing equipment. Brewers can also buy used or refurbished already existing equipment. Many of the companies that supply brewing equipment do not focus just on that area, they also offer other products and services and the brewing equipment is just one phase of their operation. Supplier concentration is low, which can possibly increase the sustainable profits. As far as supplier substitutes, the ingredients that go into the brewing of beer cannot be replaced. Those ingredients are necessary for the production. Brewing must have malt, hops, barley, yeast, and water. The beer brewing industry relies heavily on supplier input. Especially the ingredients that are in beer, consequently the suppliers are in constant need to keep this industry operational. Which means there is a threat of supplying integration; the larger bre wing companies produce enough capital to possibly buy plots of land to grow their own malt, hops, or barley (Beer Brewers Industry Analysis, 2008). Force 2: Buyer power The main buyers of beer in the brewing industry are distributors. There are over 1,900 beer distributors nationwide servicing approximately 320,000 retail businesses. Bargaining power of buyers increase when: there are few distributors in the market; the distribution industry is increasing very fast than the manufacturers industry; and when new competition cannot emerge. The distributors are the ones with all the connections to the consumers retailers, thus the distributor control the prices based on what income margins they require. The distributors are consolidating and increasing in power. Moreover, distributors are limiting new competition. So, overall the Porters force of Buyer Power is a negative for the Beer Brewing Industry (Beer Brewers Industry Analysis, 2008). Force 3: Substitutes Figure 2 Beverage Consumption Category % Of Beverage Consumption Soft drinks 49.0% Beer 19.4% Fruit beverages 13.2% Bottled water 12.2% Sports drinks 1.8% Wine 1.7% Rtd tea 1.6% Spirits 1.1% Total beverages 100.0% Beer has a lot of substitutes as you can see from Figure 2 some of them are wine, spirits, wine cooler, and specialty drinks. But also soft drinks, water, fruit juices, tea, and sports drinks may be considered as its substitutes. According to the figures from the Beverage World Publications Group, Beer constitutes for 19.4% and soft drinks account for 49.0%. This makes beer consumed more than bottled water, fruit juices, sports drinks, wine, spirits and tea. These factors increase the threat of substitute goods for the beer industry, which has a negative effect on industry profits (Beer Brewers Industry Analysis, 2008). Force 4: Rivalry Rivalry is the extent to which companies compete with one another for customers. Rivalry can be price-based or non price-based (Michael Porters Five Forces, 2009) Rivalry is measured by the concentration level of the industry; the more concentrated the industry, the less rivalry. Other factors that increase rivalry are large capital asset requirements and high switching costs. This industry is experiencing significant concentration effects, which decreases rivalry. Also, there are significant barriers to exit, which increases rivalry. The proposed joint venture MillerCoors would act to decrease rivalry overall. Therefore, the overall effect of rivalry on this industry is neutral (Beer Brewers Industry Analysis, 2008). Force 5: Entry Barriers In the Germany beer brewing industry there are a substantial amount of entry barriers that protect the firms currently in the industry from the new entrants. Price competition combined with increasing vertical integration and the inherent production economy of the market leaders makes it very difficult for an inefficient major brewer to compete on a national scale. (CNBC, 2011 Liquor Sales Slow Along With Econom) Overall the German brewing industry faces a large amount of barriers to entry as there are economies of scale, brand loyalty and large capital requirements, product differentiation effects, possibly limited access to distribution channels, and large amount of government regulations. All of these factors reduce the threat of entry into the national beer brewing industry which in turn raises the industrys potential for sustained profits (Beer Brewers Industry Analysis, 2008). 5 FORCE SUMMARIES Force Key Drivers Effect on Industry Profit Bargaining Power of Suppliers Small suppliers relative to brewers + Bargaining Power of Buyers Consolidation of industry; distribution connected to retailers Substitutes Growing substitute industry; low switching cost Rivalry High concentration; high innovation Entry Barriers High capital requirements, economies of scale, closed distribution channels, high government regulation. + Conclusion In conclusion I would like to emphasize that beer market in Germany is very product differentiated and diverse. The competition forces are high and in parallel, customers have different offers from what to choose. Germany is the biggest exporter of beer in the world and has the most breweries. Beer has various substitutes, even though it is on the second place among other drinks. Each brewery is trying to gain competitive advantage. Oettinger lowers the prices and Becks uses more advertising channels.

Accounting Theory and Practice - 2293 Words

UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING SUBJECT: ACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE PREPARE FOR: DR.NORHAYATI MAT HUSIN PREPARE BY: NUR FADZILAH BT NORIZAN (AC086628) NUR IZYAN BT MOHD ISHAK (AC086934) NURUL AQILAH BT ZAMRI (AC085167) THILAGA SEGARAN (AC086628) BACHELOR IN ACCOUNTING (HONS) CASE 1: WASTE MANAGEMENT a) Define the matching principle and explain why it is important to users of financial statements. Matching principle requires a company to match expenses with related revenues that they helped to generate in order to report a companys profitability. The matching is based on a cause†¦show more content†¦Increases in the useful life of assets have the effect of increasing the value of an asset and reducing expenses. This change can have a material impact on the financial statements. However, even though the management of Waste Management want to have impact on its financial statement, the management should not make any substantial changes to figures reported by the operational unit. These changes must be properly disclosed as required by GAAP under the Full Disclosure Principle which requires management to disclose sufficient information to allow the user to make a judgment about the financial position of Waste Management. c) According to the current IFRS, is a company allowed to change the useful life and salvage value of its fixed assets? If yes, when and how? Under GAAP, a company allowed to change the useful life and the salvage value of its fixed assets if the circumstances or events disclose the additional information show that change of useful life and salvage value more accurately and show the current market situation. It’s also stated should have the legitimate basis for do any changes to their variables. Furthermore, according to the SEC, changes to the variables used in estimating depreciation and the resulting impact to investors should be stated in the financial statements. d) As an auditor, what type of evidence woul youShow MoreRelatedAccounting Theory and Practice Essay2225 Words   |  9 Pagesreached about what perspective theories should be used to explain the Social and Environmental Accounting, and moreover critique voices are from the works of Marx or by the deep-green or feminist literatures (Deegan, 2002), to some extent, systems-oriented theory and Positive Accounting Theory can list some hints. This essay will seek to explain the reasons why firms voluntary disclosure information by referring to Legitimacy theory, Stakeholder theory, institutional theory, and lastly Political CostsRead MoreIntermediate Accounting Theory and Practice3407 Words   |  14 PagesX 120C Intermediate Accounting Theory Practice Winter 2013 Quiz 2 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 True-False Conceptual – 40 questions Multiple Choice Conceptual – 40 questions STUDENT NAME:__RUPALI KAYPEE_______________________________ TRUE-FALSE—Conceptual Chapter 20 1. A pension plan is contributory when the employer makes payments to a funding agency. F 2. Qualified pension plans permit deductibilityRead MoreAccounting Theory and Practice Reflection Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pagesview the knowledge we learnt from accounting theory and practice, the main thing I can conclude that is the tendency of accounting will shift away from technical way to people’s behaviour way. By understanding what should do, we should ask why and how we could improve and change it into a better way. This essay aims to explain how the theoretical material that we learn in lectures can be developed under a real practical manner. When talking about accounting, the first thing we should know isRead MoreAccounting Theory And Practice Of Capital Expenditure960 Words   |  4 PagesACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE By Sanam Maknojia CASE 9-6 a) Revenue expenditure are for costs incurred that is relative to the current accounting period. Capital expenditure are cost incurred for fixed assets and is expected to benefit either in all future accounting periods or in a limited number of accounting periods. The major difference between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure is related to timing. It involves the recognition of expense and, therefore, determining the earning. CapitalRead MoreReflective Essay on Accounting Theory and Practice.3359 Words   |  14 PagesLearning Log Week -2 Lecture: In this lecture I had the understanding, why accounting bodies are so heavily regulated by the government. After the corporate collapse, accounting body lost the trust of public. Our work was not transparent and therefore, was no longer reliable. Regulator body such as ASIC, AASB, FRC and ASX are formed after the corporate collapse. ASIC is the corporate ‘watch dog’ who monitors FRC, AASB and office of AASB. Why we need regulation? Because it is human nature toRead More7101AFE Financial Accounting Theory And Practice Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿7101AFE Financial Accounting Theory and Practice Tutorial Questions for Tutorials 1- 6: Semester 1 2015 TUTORIAL 1 - Semester 1 2015 Deegan Topic 1: Introduction to financial accounting theory QUESTION 1 – Question 1.2: If you developed a theory to explain how a person’s cultural background influences how they prepare financial statements, would you have developed a positive theory or a normative theory? The first of all, it is important to understand the mean by a ‘theory’. According to ContemporaryRead MorePositive vs Normative Accounting Theory Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pageswith planning) TOPIC: Discuss positive accounting theory and contrast it with normative accounting theory. Provide examples where appropriate.       The purpose of this essay is to provide an overview of positive accounting theory (PAT) and highlight how this theory differs to normative accounting theory. Definitions and assumptions of both theories will be considered and examples of the theories will be provided. In addition specific theories related to PAT namely agency and the efficientRead More3101AFE Seminar Questions from Seminars 1 6 Sem 1 20151558 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿3101AFE Accounting Theory and Practice Seminar Questions for Seminars 1- 6: Semester 1 2015 SEMINAR 1 - Semester 1 2015 Deegan Topic 1: Introduction to financial accounting theory QUESTION 1 – Question 1.2: If you developed a theory to explain how a person’s cultural background influences how they prepare financial statements, would you have developed a positive theory or a normative theory? QUESTION 2 - Question 1.3: What is a conceptual framework, and would it be considered to be a positiveRead MoreEssay on Annotated Bibliography1285 Words   |  6 Pages1997, ‘Accounting and the Construction of the Governable Person’, Accounting, Organizations and Society, vol.12, n.03, pp235-265. Main Argument In this article, Miller et al. concern about the understanding of the historical foundation of accounting practice by investigating how theories of costing and budgeting were constructed in the first thirty years of the 20th century. In addition, the authors suggest several radical factors of theoretical understanding of accounting in relationRead MoreSample Resume : My Cooperative Education Placement Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pages I assisted in other accounting tasks in the company’s head office as well as other stores. In this reflective overview, I will evaluate my experience at Whitcoulls by discussing my progress and performance in my role, major knowledge and skills against my expectations, and reflect on things that went well, challenges encountered and my future plans. Progress and Performance in my Role My placement at Whitcoulls has provided me with an opportunity to apply the theories and concepts that I have

F.O.R. Fitness Business Plan Essay Example For Students

F.O.R. Fitness Business Plan Essay Executive Summary: F.O.R. Fitness is a service to the client that projects individual attention and positive reinforcement in the comforts of the clients home. We will begin operations in January of 2004. Our proposed business is a service providing personal training at the next level. This partnership will be owned and managed by Francis Namocatcat, Oksana Kovalenko, and Rob Yarrington. Each business owner will contribute an equal investment to the company and share all risks evenly. Health and fitness has been a growing trend of Americans all over the country. In recent years, 50 and over age segment has experienced a large portion of the growth. Duval County has grown substantially, and has a feasible market for this business type. Our target market will consist of the 50 and over age segment representing over 245,000 consumers with an annual average income of $47,500. The service provided is unique to the traditional fitness industry in a way that gives the company a competitive advantage. Many businesses today focus on convenience for the consumer. For example, food-to-go and delivery, catalogs, Internet shopping, and other various convenient services have become very popular to the American consumer. F.O. R. Fitness is taking advantage of the convenience-driven market by offering our personal training delivered to the clients home versus the hassle of gym facilities. Our promotional strategy will include a number of channels. Such channels will include newspaper ads, in-store company displays, personal selling, and billboards. This will allow us to compete with numerous fitness organizations ranging from industry leading gyms to popular fitness videos. F. O.R. Fitness will base its operations at 2120 Corporate Blvd., in the heart of the Regency area. This location is an office in which the trainers will do administrative work and warehouse equipment. Trainers will conduct one-on-one personal training with clients in his or her home. F.O.R. Fitness is projecting to operate at a loss during the first fiscal year to cover expenses. Profits will be realized in the second year with continual growth as the business matures in subsequent years. Vision and Mission Statement: Vision Statement We would like to provide our clients with personal encouragement and support all while teaching proper dietary habits and a workout regimen specific for their age, body-type, and goals. Mission Statement Promote a healthy lifestyle to the community through qualified and compassionate personal trainers by providing an educational and physical workout routine in the comfort of ones own home. Company Overview: Business Concept F-O-R Fitness will offer year round and seasonal (upon request), licensed in-home personal training service for middle/upper age citizens covering the greater part of Duval county which is located in the Jacksonville community. The business will have its first opening date on April 1, 2004. Our services will be made available Mon.-Sat (by appointment only) from 7:30 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. Current Situation Target Market: Society in the new millennium has staged awareness towards health/fitness, with an increase of +23% health club patronage from 1998-2002. The population/expansion of Duval County has recorded constant growth over the years, with a community interested in the fitness industry. Duval County has 40.3% of citizens over the age of forty five, while the national population of citizens over 45 is only 34. 4%. Realizing such an opportunity currently exists, our service of a personal trainer will be directed towards the 50 and over segment of Duval County. Industry The city of Jacksonville is currently the largest city (land mass) in the U.S. With a number of franchised and relatively smaller fitness facilities dispersed throughout the community, none currently provide a personal workout service within the confines of ones own home. Of the many competitors in our market, a few of the more popular gym facilities include Worlds Gym and Bailys Powerhouse. .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .postImageUrl , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:hover , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:visited , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:active { border:0!important; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:active , .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2 .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8fb87d3e745b8a3915c22a23c5d288e2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Enders Game Essay Like most gym atmospheres, they consist of a wide variety of both weight-training apparatus and cardio/aerobic exercise machines. Upon request and for a small payment consumers can specify a personal trainer to help develop a workout program appropriate for their needs and wants. Trainers may also help in directing the client in proper dietary content. To date, none of our many competitors have wandered into the service area we have chosen to communicate therefore giving us the competitive advantage needed when starting a business. Primary Service Understanding the concerns many individuals (across all ethnic backgrounds) face when it comes to societys image of the ideal body, causes a large portion of self-conscience consumers to neglect signing up for a gym membership. F. O.R. Fitness will offer this segment a healthy workout regimen plus the reinforcement to sustain a positive mental image all .

Was The New Deal Effective free essay sample

It is often said that desperate times call for desperate measures, and when President Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected in 1932, Americans were willing to try anything. In 1929 the stock market crashed and sent the country into what is known as the Great Depression. The effects were devastating in this prolonged economic crisis; people lost their jobs, many lost homes due to foreclosure, and millions were forced into poverty and starvation. Roosevelt responded to the crisis with the New Deal legislation and programs with the intention to provide immediate economic relief, leading to recovery and reform. Even though it can be argued that the New Deal was a failure because it did not completely end the Depression, it was still effective in restoring America’s confidence and getting people involved to contribute during hard times. When Roosevelt took office, he demanded government action. Leaving the nation to work out its problems on its own would just be unacceptable. We will write a custom essay sample on Was The New Deal Effective? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A key element in Roosevelt’s New Deal was agencies to create employment by carrying out public works. The largest public works project was the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which employed more than eight million people from 1935-1943. The purpose of the WPA was to provide people with jobs until the economy recovered from the Great Depression. A huge number of roads, buildings, schools, hospitals, and other public works were built. Roosevelt’s efforts changed the leadership tone, and inspired those in despair. Millions of people earned a living wage and self-respect, as they were able to contribute during the hard time because of the New Deal. Even though the New Deal did not solve the problem of unemployment completely, it simply made it not as bad. The New Deal represented leadership that was active and positive. After the Great Depression, people were clueless as to what to do. America had lost its confidence. Therefore when Roosevelt initiated the New Deal, he got people moving again and working to contribute to overcome hard times. Roosevelt showed himself as the leader of the government whose job was to make sure people had a roof over their heads and food to eat and that he would do his best to get people working and making money again. This made People see that the government has a role to play in people’s lives beyond national security, and showed that during time of economic turmoil they can look to the government for guidance (Leonard). After Roosevelt, there has always been controversy over how involved government should be in American’s lives. The New Deal did not in fact end the Great Depression like Roosevelt had hoped it would. This is the main reason why most people argue that the New Deal was a failure. Many say that the New Deal actually prolonged the Depression and made things worse than they would have been had no effort been made (Cole, Ohanian). Ones who attack the New Deal also claim the policies were short-term policies and that there was no long-term planning for the future (Shlaes). The New Deal changed the role of government today to be more involved in people’s lives. Roosevelt increased the President’s power. Those who disagree with the New Deal argue that it brought too much government intervention into the economy and people’s lives. Roosevelt’s New Deal may not have ended the Great Depression completely, but it did solve many problems and it instilled confidence in Americans to do something rather than just sit there and panic when trouble arises. It shows us today what bold leadership can actually accomplish in hard economic times (Brechin). Many people argue if the New Deal was effective or not, but it depends on how they define effective. Was the New Deal effective in eliminating unemployment? No. But it was effective in showing Americans what leadership and bravery can do even through today’s unexpected obstacles. This one may argue, is one of the most important long-lasting effects.

How to Resolve and Solve Problems

How to Resolve and Solve Problems A great skill to have is the ability to solve problems specifically interpersonal and behavioral problems,   effectively. At the same time it is also a great skill to teach students. There are a few key requirements to resolving problems collaboratively.   Both inside and outside the classroom teachers deal with problems, and knowing how to resolve problems, either conflict between students, with students or with parents, require following some steps.   Here are the steps to becoming an more effective problem solver. Heres How: Understand why the problem exists. What is the actual root cause for the problem? If you know something about why the problem exists, youll have a better time of resolving the problem. Lets take the example of a child who doesnt want to come to school. Before you can help identify a solution, it is important to find out why the child doesnt want to come to school. Perhaps bullying is occurring on the bus or in the halls. One of the first steps to effectively solve problems, is delving into the root cause of the problem.Be able to clearly identify the problem and the obstacles that the problem presents. All too often when attempting to address a problem, those problems surrounding the principal cause are considered rather than identifying and resolving the root problem.   Clearly state the problem and what obstacles the problem presents to you. Again, the child who doesnt want to come to school has the problem of it having a negative impact on his/her academic success.Once you have clearly stated the problem, you need to understand what you have control over and what you dont. Your efforts to resolve the problem must be within the areas where you have control. You may not have control whether a child comes to school, but you do have control over dealing with the bully who is creating the barrier to the child not wanting to attend school. Solving problems must focus on the things which you can control. Do you have all the information you need? Solving problems is often like becoming involved in investigations. Have you thoroughly researched why the problem exists? Do you have all the information you need? If not, be persistent and seek out all information before tackling the problem.Dont jump to conclusions. Once you have all of your information, analyze it carefully and look at it from various viewpoints. Be as objective as possible and dont be quick to judge. Remain judgement free as much as possible. This is a time for you to use your critical thinking skills.Now determine your options for solutions. How many options do you have? Are you sure? Which options seem reasonable? Have you weighed the pros and cons of your options? Are there any limitations to your options? Are some options better than others and why? Are there advantages and disadvantages you need to take into consideration?You should now be ready to act. A well thought out strategy/solution is now in place. However, what is your plan to monitor its outcome? How will you know that your solution is working? Once your solution is in place, it is important to monitor and evaulate the outcome regularly. In SummaryYou can use this approach to many of the challenges that arise in your classroom. A child who wont comply, a parent who is unhappy with their childs IEP, an educational assistant with whom you are having some conflict with. The strategies used in this problem solving plan are merely good life long skills to have. Tips: Clearly state the problem.Know what the obstacles are related to the problem.Determine what you have control over and what you dont.Make sure you have ALL the information you need.Identify all of your options and implement the best option for a solution.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 21

Case Study Example Additionally, â€Å"Persuasion  is a matter of persuaders engineering actors decisions to produce the desired action† (Funkhouser & Parker, 1999, p.28). Jill presents raw data to her guests that require her to breakdown for them so that they may be emotionally appealed. She further makes the assumption that once they leave they will read the information in the folder that she presents to them. Jill completely fails to communicate to her guests effectively because of the lack of emphasis to the significance of her proposed research. Effective communication requires adequate appeal to the passion, logic and the character of an individual. Jill’s does not appeal to these aspects hence she is not able to convince her guests to donate towards her research. As pointed out by Barker (2010), â€Å"the key to effective persuasion is having powerful ideas and delivering them well† (p.75). Though Jill presents herself and her work in a systematic and orderly way, she does not convince the guests to be passionate about her work. In addition, she does not appeal to their logic by demonstrating clearly in very basic language how the project would be helpful to the society as well as the donors. Instead, she assumes that the guests (donors) will understand what she is up to. Nothstine & Michael (1989) have mentioned that â€Å"most people have never been trained in formal logic and reasoning† (p. 47). On the other hand, the potential donors are people that are rich and their character may be based on the need for self-actualization. Jill fails to clearly communicate to the guests by appealing to their character. It is clear that there is an aspect that is lacking in the communication, as well put by Mayo and Jarvis (1992), â€Å"Persuasive  communication  is more effective when salespeople create a sense of togetherness with those with whom they speak† (p.1). At the ends of the day, she ends up not getting any correspondence from

Worldcom Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Worldcom - Article Example He managed his company indirectly and took the firm’s money to spend it on personal purchases which were extravagant in nature. The extravagant lifestyle left him in debt when the company started posting losses. The stock that he took a loan with from the company was the same stock he had used as security for the startup fee of the firm. This is one thing that he kept from the board of directors. He had taken a loan of $415 million and yet he had promised a $1 billion to the creditors, this became a major problem when he failed to meet the financial targets the following year. With the company losing its grip on the share of the market, the 2002 economic downfall of communication companies served as a major blow to the entity. On March of the same year, the SEC investigated the financials of WorldCom which was an economic giant at the time. They found improprieties that led to a 7% drop in the share of the market. This was attributed to the $415 million loan to Ebbers. The firm survived on merger reserves from there on, more inconsistencies were discovered on the reporting of revenues and altering of financial

Academic Achievement of Homeschooled Children Essay Example for Free

Academic Achievement of Homeschooled Children Essay These days many American children are schooled at home, with the number growing more and more per year; however, t the same time home schooling has received less attention than other recent changes in the educational system. It could be argued that home schooling may have a much larger impact on educational system, both in the short and long run. This research will basically provide the home school population, its growth and its characteristics. Also, with the beginning of a discussion of the data sources used in the analysis, this research examines characteristics of home schooled children and their families such as those characteristics most relevant for gauging trends in home schooling. Lastly, there will be talked about implications of home schooling for regular schools and a brief conclusion. Therefore, based on all these researches, I am going to research whether or not home-based education cause higher academic achievement than the institutional schooling in U. S. A. Proposal Methods The researchers will use quantitative research regarding the influence of the educational background of parents on the performance of their home schooled children. The performance of the home schooled children will be quantified in comparison with the public school children with also varying educational backgrounds. Survey method—using will be used in order to obtain the more generalized results of the study. Participants will be contacted first through phone to have permission or consent of being part of the study. This part will also inform the family, especially the parents about the research study that will be conducted. According to Timothy Johnson of University of Illinois at Chicago, having an informed consent of the participants is part of the ethics of conducting researches. (Johnson) If the participants agree on being part of the study, mailed questionnaires will be distributed. The group that I propose to study is 75 homeschooled eleventh (11th) and twelfth (12th) graders. The chosen sample size is a significant number in order to study the influence of the educational background of parents on their homeschooled children since 75 is not much of a high number, making it too pricey or having too much effort given on the study, or not too low of a number. Studies were also made regarding the influence of parents on their homeschooled children, but these studies were more focused on the primary education (Grades 1-4, as indicated in the Literature Review), and not on the high school level. This study will further explore if the influence of parent’ educational background will change if the students are at a higher level of schooling. This study will also be limited on eleventh and twelfth graders. The sample size 75 students will be divided into three groups. Group 1 will consist of children that have been schooled at home by parents that have less than a high school education. Group 2 will consist of children that have been homeschooled by parents that have a high school education. Group 3 will consist of 25 children that have been homeschooled by parents. Additionally, 75 public school children also in eleventh (11th) and twelfth (12th) grade will serve as the control group. Group 4 will consist of children that have been schooled in the public school system and whose parents have less than a high school education. Group 5 will consist of 25 children have been schooled in public school and have parents that have a high school education and Group 6 will consist of 25 children that have been schooled in public school whose parents have a college education. These particular groups were chosen to research two key areas addressed in the research proposal. First the area of whether homeschooled children outperform those that are educated by public school. Second this method will attempt to address if the parents education significantly impacts academic achievement in both groups. Eleventh (11th) and Twelfth (12th) grade students were chosen for this research because they are at the end of their respective high school education and one can better assess their overall education. Obtaining the data necessary to conduct the research will consist identifying the test subjects in home school by contacting a home school association within the target state(s) for a mailing list of parents. A small questionnaire will be sent out to ascertain the educational background of parents with return postage and a request that they mail the questionnaire back. This feedback will be divided into the three groups identified to study. At this point, 25 families will be randomly chosen from each group and contacted by the researcher via telephone. If a family elects not to be part of the study group, another family will be randomly chosen from that category. The researchers will continue to distribute questionnaires on families that fit the criteria, until a response is made. Once a telephone interview with the parents is conducted and they have agreed to participate, a paper assessment will be mailed to the family. A return envelope with postage paid will be sent with the assessment. This assessment will be an ACT/SAT style test addressing the four main academic components: Math, Reading, Science, and English. The child or children will have 24 hours to complete the assessment and return it to either the post office or mailbox so that the return envelope can be stamped for that day. This method will put urgency into the test being completed and sent back and may reduce some forms of cheating. While a computerized test was considered, it may not be possible for all children schooled at home to have computer access so a paper assessment was the most versatile method of data collection. The same process will be conducted for the public school children. Eligible families will be identified by contacting the target state(s) Department of Education. Again, a paper questionnaire will be sent asking for data on the parents’ education and a request to return it. These parents will also be contacted for permission. Once consent is given, the assessment will be sent to the family with the same procedure outlined above. In Groups 1, 2, and 3 we can assess the general academic achievement of children schooled at home. We can also measure, to a degree, how much the parents own education impacts the academic achievements of the child or children. The same is true of Groups 4, 5, and 6. In the case of the latter group, parents’ education may not be relevant however it is necessary for the continuity of the study. In order to obtain accurate results, these assessments should be conducted sometime within the school year after the first quarter of either the eleventh (11th) or (12th) grade. Students should be assessed after being accustomed to their routine learning guidelines in their respective schooling. Respondents will also be assured that they will be guaranteed that their responses will be confidential, as also stated in the Code of Standards of Council of American Survey Research Organizations. (Council of American Survey Research Organizations, 2009) In a working paper written for the U. S. Census Bureau, Kurt Bauman pointed out several characteristics that may determine home school trends (Bauman, 2001). However, the purpose of this study is purely to identify academic achievement within both the home school student group and public school student group. SURVEY QUESTIONS: The survey questions will be divided into three parts: basic information, performance section. These questions will be the same for Groups 1, 2, and 3, and Groups 4, 5, and 6. The first part, as the name says, contains all the basic information about the student and the parents. This part will include the educational background of the parents, the reasons for home schooling, what they know about the regulations regarding home schooling of their state, etc. The questionnaire for those that are homeschooled, in order, will provide this series of questions: name, name of parents, age, grade, educational background of parents, number of years being homeschooled, reason/s of being homeschooled, and organizations that are involved in regarding homeschooling. The questions, on the other hand, of those that are in public schools will be the same of the homeschooled questionnaire, except for the last three questions. The next part on the other hand, will include the academic test that will determine the performance of the student. The students will answer questions on subject matters like Math, Science, Reading and English, in order to at least have a grasp about their overall academic knowledge. ETHICS ON RESEARCH The researchers acknowledge the fact that the study can be a critical matter especially for parents since discrimination, especially on educational backgrounds, might be possible. However, it is also an essential for the researchers to keep in mind the ethics of conducting a research as stated by Thomas Watson. First is that the researchers will give privacy to the respondents, meaning they can willingly say or not say information that they aren’t comfortable with. Second, the researchers will ensure voluntary participation—that is, the researchers will respect if they want to be part of the research or not. Lastly, the researchers will maintain confidentiality and non-attribution. The respondents will remain to be anonymous. (Watson, 1996) References Bauman, Kurt J. , Home Schooling in the United States: Trends and Characteristics, (2001). Retrieved April 13, 2010 from the U. S. Census Bureau website: http://www. census. gov/population/www/documentation/twps0053/twps0053. html Literature Review Academic Achievement of Homeschooled Children Does home-based education cause higher academic achievement than the institutional schooling in California? Early studies as well as the more recent studies illustrate that this is indeed possible, as they examine the academic performances of homeschooled students in different locations and with various independent variables. For instance, Belfield and Levin (2005) showed that homeschooled students have better SAT verbal scores than the non-homeschooled students. Although homeschooled students have higher SAT math scores as well, the gap seems to be greater in the verbal scores (Belfield Levin, 2005). After controlling for 21 independent variables, Belfield and Levin showed that the advantage of homeschooled students over private school students was reduced, but the great gap still exists when the comparison is between homeschooled students and public schools students. Moreover, the scores of the homeschooled students and private school students in SAT are at par with each other, with no group outperforming the other (Belfield Levin, 2005). According to Basham et al. (2007), whether having at least one or no parent as a certified teacher do not significantly matter on the achievement levels of the homeschooled children, although parents who acquired university degree have homeschooled children who outperform significantly those parents who did not earned a degree. However, Bansham illustrate that regardless of these parental backgrounds, homeschooled children all scored between the range of 80 to 90 percent, as opposed to the average score of 63 percent for public school students, who have parents with university degree and average score of 28 percent of public school students who have parents with no degree. Moreover, around 25 percent of homeschooled students have academic performances better than students above their age-level studying either in public or private schools (Bauman, 2002). This can be seen in grade 1 to 4 homeschooled students. All of them perform better compared to the performance of the non-homeschooled students of at least one-grade level higher (McDowell Ray, 2000). When it comes to 8th grade, the homeschooled students have academic performances better than non-homeschooled students at least four grade levels higher. All these evidences illustrate that being homeschooled leads to better academic performances despite the children’s background, which would have played negative roles when the children were not homeschooled (McDowell Ray, 2000). Homeschooling reduce or eliminate altogether the negative effects low family income, low parental educational attainment, large family size, race or ethnicity or even gender would have played if the students were not educated in the home setting (Bansham et al. , 2007, Ray, 2000; Ray Eagleson, 2008). Not having computers or other materials required by formal schools or not having access to public libraries seems not to matter as much for homeschooled students as compared to homeschooled students as well (Bansham et al. , 2007). All these factors do not affect how the children perform academically either. The academic achievements of homeschooled children cannot be generalized. Researchers doubt generalizations because it is difficult to compare homeschooled children and those who are not. However, despite all the doubts of the generalizabilty of the better academic performance of homeschooled children, more and more studies are producing evidence that homeschooled children achieve better performance against their non-homeschooled peers on various types of tests (Basham et al, 2007). The present study will determine if in California, the same findings would emerge. the scores of the homeschooled students and certain Californian private school students in SAT will be examined to test this. Factors such as socio-economic background, gender and ethnicity will also be tested to determine whether each of them will have a significant relationship with the academic achievement of homeschooled students in California. Homeschooling laws depend on the state where the family is residing—whether be it the requirements of the parents, the testing procedure, etc. In a state like Washington, parents are required to have 45 quarter units of college level credit, complete parent qualifying course, an average of an hour a week meeting with a certified teacher, and a qualification to provide home-based teaching instruction by the superintended of the local school district. (Russell, 2008) The case is otherwise different in Michigan since no law requires for parents or teachers to have certain qualifications in order to teach. ( Home School Legal Defense Association, 2009) According to Home School Legal Defense Association, there are already 40 states that adopted the home school regulations. It is also stated in their website that â€Å"Forty-one states do not require home school parents to meet any specific teacher qualifications. The eight states which require only a high school diploma or a GED are: GA, NC, NM, OH, PA, SC, TN, and WV. DC also requires either a high school diploma or GED. (In TN, there is no qualification requirement for grades K-8 if home school is associated with a church-related school). The remaining state has the following qualification requirements: ND requires only a high school diploma or GED, provided that the parent is monitored by a certified teacher for two years. † There are three states who qualify home school teachers to be â€Å"competent† such as CA, KS, and NY. Having less than GED are considered to be competent in those three states. (Home School Legal Defense Association) References Bansham, P. , Merrifield, J. , Hepburn, C. R. (2007). â€Å"Home Schooling: From the Extreme to the Mainstream. Studies in Education Policy. † The Fraser Institute. Retrieved from http://www. netzwerk-bildungsfreiheit. de/pdf/From_the_extreme_to_the_mainstream. pdf Bauman, K. J. (2002). Home schooling in the United States: Trends and Characteristics. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 10(26). Retrieved from http://epaa. asu. edu/epaa/v10n26. html. Belfield, Clive R. and Henry M. Levin (2005). Privatizing Education Choice: Consequences for Parents, Schools and Public Policy. Boulder, C. O. : Paradigm Publishers. McDowell, Susan A. and Brian D. Ray (2000). â€Å"The Home Education Movement in Context, Practice, and Theory. † Peabody Journal of Education, 75(11), 1-7 Ray, B. D. (2000). Home schooling: The ameliorator of negative influences on learning? Peabody Journal of Education, 75(1 2), 71-106. Ray, B. D. , Eagleson, B. K. (2008, August 14). State regulation of homeschooling and homeschoolers’ SAT scores. Journal of Academic Leadership, 6(3). Retrieved from http://www. academicleadership. org/emprical_research/State_Regulation_of_Homeschooling_and_Homeschoolers_SAT_Scores. shtml Bibliography Home School Legal Defense Association. (2009). Home Schooling in the United States: A Legal Analysis. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from Home School Legal Defense Association: http://www. hslda. org/laws/analysis/Michigan. pdf Council of American Survey Research Organizations. (2009). CASRO Code of Standards and Ethics for Survey Research. Retrieved April 29, 2010, from Council of American Survey Research Organizations: http://www. casro. org/codeofstandards. cfm Home School Legal Defense Association. (n. d. ). Summary of Home School Laws in the Fifty States. Retrieved April 29, 2010, from Home School Legal Defense Association: http://www. hslda. org/laws/Summary_of_Laws. pdf Johnson, T. (n. d. ). Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Survey Research. Retrieved April 29, 2010, from College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs: http://www. srl. uic. edu/seminars/ethicsint. htm Russell, L. (2008, June 12). Washington Homeschool Law. Retrieved April 29, 2010, from Suite 101: http://homeschool-regulations. suite101. com/article. cfm/washington_homeschool_law Watson, T. (1996). Survey and Interview Ethics for Data Gatherers and Respondents. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from Independent Job Analysis: http://www. ijoa. org/imta96/paper64. html

Toni Morrison and bell hooks Represent Blacks in American Literature :: Biography Biographies Essays

Toni Morrison and bell hooks Represent Blacks in American Literature Two widely known and influential authors, bell hooks and Toni Morrison, share similar beliefs and themes with regards to the black community. One theme in particular that the two writers emphasize is the representation of blacks in American literature today. hooks feels that African Americans are misrepresented, where Morrison believes that blacks are not represented at all. hooks' evidence of this theme is portrayed primarily in the sexist and racist representations the characters exhibit. Overall, both authors feel that the negative portrayal of the black community needs to stop in order for a better understanding of our national literature. Toni Morrison believes that the literature in America has taken as its concern the white man as its character base. Morrison states, "American literature is free of, uniformed by, and unshaped by the four-hundred-year-old presence of the first Africans" (205). She believes the entire history of the African culture has had no important place in the present state of our culture's literature. The American literature evident today tends to depict the white males' views, genius, and power leaving out all concerns for the black race. Morrison is convinced that, "the contemplation of the black presence is central to any understanding of our national literature and should not be relegated to the margins of the literary imagination" (205-06). Morrison's quote stresses the importance of the representation of black presence in today's literature for a better national comprehension of this writing. Two primary reasons Morrison believes that blacks are left out are the writers themselves, and the silence that has historically ruled literature. She believes, "National literatures, like writers, get along as best they can and with what they can. Yet they do seem to end up describing and inscribing what is really on the national mind" (208). This is the interest in the white man. Writers produce, and companies publish what the public wants to read about. According to Morrison, this is not the black presence, rather views and interests in the white man. The other reason she believes blacks are left out are, "that in matters of race, silence and evasion have historically ruled literary discourse" (207).

Helen Oyeyemi’s The Icarus Girl: Review Essay

An exotic country, magical beings, and a girl’s journey to find friendship is just a short insight into what The Icarus Girl by Helen Oyeyemi has to offer. As I read the story I discovered that there is a much deeper meaning than what is on the surface. My goal is to inform the reader about how I interpreted the story line and why I did so. I found that this novel presented a strong insight into other cultures, great character depth and an overall engaging story. Jessamy Harrison is a one of the most intriguing characters that I have ever confronted in a book. On the first day of my read Jessamy seemed like any other 8 year old. She was one of the types that is always curious but aren’t all 8 year olds curious. Jessamy or Jess for short would always be the one to ask questions. Jess could never pronounce a word right and was any average little kid. Jess being an eight year old made the story very relatable to me because I have at least three cousins at that age. While reading the book I did question why Helen Oyeyemi decided to put Jess at such a young age. The conclusion that I came to make about that question is that she wanted to keep Jess innocent. Through the entire book Jess does not completely understand what is happening around her. She shows her innocence in many occasions throughout this book. Jess does not like it when there is not a happy ending so she likes to change books. When her mother asked why she changes books Jess replied â€Å"Well it’s not a proper story if everyone is miserable.† (62). When she was asked what she wanted to be when she grows up she said she wanted to fly. She did not want to fly planes she just wanted to fly. Jess is a young girl but she is very troubled. When ever she gets into a tight situation she just screams. She always seems to be in the principal’s office. Jess really does not have any friends until she travels to Nigeria. While taking time off in Nigeria Jess meets a girl named Titiola. Jess at the age of eight it is difficult for her pronounce Titiola’s name. Eventually Jess gives up on trying to say her name and decides to call her TillyTilly. By chance the one girl Jess makes friends with has special powers. Jess cant explain it and does not ask questions. TillyTilly is very mysterious and we do not learn much about her until later into the story. I started to question why Jess never really questions how TillyTilly can do these magical acts. If magic were going on around me I would really wonder how it is happening. Later into the story Jess has to travel make to her home in England. Jess has to settle back into the groove of school. She said her goodbyes to TillyTilly but does not want to leave without her one friend. One day after school Jess turns around and there is TillyTilly. This is where I was extremely confused in this book. This girl was just in Nigeria and then just shows up in England. Jess does not even question how or why TillyTilly an eight-year-old girl travels 4200 miles. That sounded a little peculiar to me. That scene I have come to conclude was the reason for Helen Oyeyemi making Jess eight years old. A lonely eight year old does not question where a friend came from. All Jess knows is she was lonely and wanted a friend. Jess wants to bring TillyTilly to school to show her off but Tilly says no one can know about her. The next day Jess proceeds to school and gets into even more trouble than usual. Her parents tell her she has to attend therapy. TillyTilly was very hesitant of letting Jess go. She had to make sure no one found out about her. TillyTilly said, â€Å"He won’t help you, Jessy. There’ll only be trouble.† (127). When Jess goes to meet the doctor she meets his daughter Siobhan. Jess and her have much in common and they become real friends. This is Jess’ first friend other than TillyTilly. One day Jess became very ill and was stuck in bed. TillyTilly came to visit. This visit was not any other visit. Jess learned a very sad truth. TillyTilly told Jess that she had a twin sister named Fern that died at birth. Jess becomes very upset with her parents for not telling her. When she told her parents they were just wondering how she came to find out. She declines to tell them. Her parents know of TillyTilly but they have never actual met her. This was the climax of the whole story. Jess finds out a hidden past that she had no idea of until now. By now Jess has found out that TillyTilly is not a normal eight-year-old girl. TillyTilly always tries to have Jess’ back like a sister. She always says, â€Å"We should get her† (98). She means hurt that person because they have wronged Tilly or Jess. She shattered Jess’ mom’s computer and a mirror in the bathroom. She also pushed Jess’ friend down the stairs. That was when Jess finally figured out that TillyTilly was not as nice as she thought. TillyTilly would always get Jess into trouble. Earlier in the story the broke into an amusement park and they broke into Jess’ enemy’s house. Jess also has to take the blame for all of Tilly’s faults. Jess can never get smart and learn that TillyTilly is bad news. At the end of the book the whole family travels back to Nigeria to celebrate Jessamy’s ninth birthday. While she is there she starts to lose her faith in TillyTilly. Jess does not know if she can trust her. The next day, Jess starts to learn Yoruba the native language of her family. Everyone is excited for her and her grandfather wants to speak to her in Yoruba. For some odd reason Jess told him to leave her alone. He became very upset with her and her father and grandpa started a huge fight. The next day there was a huge tragedy. Jessamy was riding in the back seat of a car with no seat belt. They had a head on collision and she was knocked out. The story ends with Jess standing up to TillyTilly and Jess finally took control. In all honesty this was not a book I would have picked up on my own and started to read. It ended up being a real page-turner and I really enjoyed it. This book had some great insight into different cultures and how the cultures interacted. This book told a great story about how a girl even a little one at that can eventually overcome trouble. That is a lesson everyone can learn from. No one likes having his or her life run by someone else. It is best to live life with a positive outlook and hope for the best.

Fast Food Is Defined As Food That Is Low In Nutritional

Fast food is defined as food that is low in nutritional value and prepared quickly and in large quantities. Fast food advertisements can be seen all over the world and readily available to most of the world s population. Fast food also falls under scrutiny, being the number one cause of childhood obesity and largely connected to many of the world s leading causes of health related illnesses. Even though fast food causes a large number of negative effects on the body, 50 million Americans are buying fast food products every day (Statistic Brain). The health facts are available to the consumer and you can obtain nutrition facts from the fast food establishment in their stores. In large droves, people flock to fast food chains for a quick†¦show more content†¦The other 98% of the beef patty was byproducts of the animals connective tissue, blood vessels, peripheral nerve, adipose tissue, plant material, cartilage, and bone were all present in the findings. What the human populat ion is eating is not being advertised as such. The chemicals used to make a fast food meal last for a long, extended period of time cause many complications in the body. Studies have been done on McDonald’s hamburgers to test their decomposition rates. The primary ingredient in a Mcdonald’s hamburger bun is ammonium sulfate known to cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (Mercola). Ammonium sulfate is also used in many different products as well, such as artificial fertilizer, printed circuit boards, flame retardant materials (IPNI). This substance included in large quantities of the bread products are present in fast food, but also in the bread products purchased in supermarkets. The bread made in large amounts is being preserved by the use of ammonium sulfate, which is also used in flame retardant materials, and artificial fertilizer. More than just chemicals in fast food cause health related risks and cause addictive habits as well. 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